Battery Passport 2027: The Mandatory Requirement Transforming the European Automotive Supply Chain
From 18 February 2027, every rechargeable battery over 2 kWh placed on the EU market must carry a digital passport. Manufacturers, assemblers, importers, and recyclers: discover the requirements, deadlines, penalties, and how AI automation reduces compliance preparation time by 80%.
TL;DR: Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 mandates a digital passport for every rechargeable battery over 2 kWh placed on the European market from 18 February 2027 onwards. QR code on the battery, raw material traceability, certified environmental data, and end-of-life tracking — non-compliance blocks market access. This guide covers the timeline, scope, data requirements, penalties, and how AI-powered automation slashes preparation time.
What Is the Battery Passport?
The digital battery passport is a requirement of Regulation (EU) 2023/1542, adopted on 12 July 2023. It is a unique digital identifier associated with each battery, accessible via a QR code physically affixed to the product.
This passport contains all required information throughout the battery lifecycle: chemical composition, carbon footprint, raw material origin, state of health (SoH), recyclability status.
Unlike a simple label, the passport is an evolving digital document that follows the battery from manufacture to recycling, enabling authorities, professionals, and consumers to access certified information.
Regulatory Timeline
| Date | Milestone |
|---|---|
| 12 July 2023 | Adoption of Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 |
| 18 February 2024 | First provisions: categorisation, marking |
| 18 February 2025 | Carbon footprint requirements (declaratory) |
| 18 February 2027 | Digital passport mandatory |
| 18 August 2028 | Strengthened recycled content requirements |
| 18 August 2031 | Carbon footprint with third-party verification |
Manufacturers that have not implemented the digital passport by the deadline will no longer be able to market their batteries on the European market.
Which Batteries Are Affected?
The passport is mandatory for all rechargeable batteries with a capacity exceeding 2 kWh placed on the EU market. This includes:
- Electric vehicle batteries (cars, vans, trucks, buses)
- Industrial batteries (forklifts, stationary storage, heavy equipment)
- Light means of transport batteries (e-bikes, scooters, two-wheelers)
Portable batteries (smartphones, cordless tools, consumer electronics) are not subject to the digital passport, but remain covered by other provisions of the regulation (collection, recycling, marking).
Data Required in the Passport
The battery passport must contain the following information, structured by category:
General Information
- Manufacturer, model, serial number, date of manufacture
- Battery category and chemistry (LFP, NMC, LCO, etc.)
- Nominal capacity, voltage, power
Environmental Data
- Lifecycle carbon footprint (declaratory from 2025, verified from 2031)
- Recycled content rate (cobalt, lithium, nickel, lead)
- Recyclability performance
Traceability
- Origin of critical raw materials (lithium, cobalt, nickel)
- Supplier certifications
- Supply chain data
Lifecycle
- State of Health (SoH) updated periodically
- Refurbishment history
- End-of-life status and recycling instructions
Penalties for Non-Compliance
Penalties are substantial. In France, Decree No. 2025-992 of 28 October 2025 defines the sanction regime:
- Administrative fines reaching significant amounts depending on severity
- Market withdrawal of non-compliant batteries
- Marketing blockage of vehicles equipped with non-compliant batteries
Other EU member states have comparable sanctions, some including daily penalties until rectification.
How to Prepare Your Compliance Now
The 18 February 2027 deadline is less than a year away. Here are the recommended steps:
- Audit your supply chain — Map the batteries you import, produce, or distribute
- Structure your data — Collect required information from suppliers (composition, carbon footprint, material origin)
- Deploy a traceability system — Implement a platform capable of generating, hosting, and maintaining digital passports
- Produce QR codes — Integrate the QR code on your batteries and in your production systems
- Test and certify — Verify passport compliance before the deadline
How Taranis AI Automates Your Compliance
Data collection and structuring represent 80% of battery passport preparation time. Our AI-powered automation solution enables you to:
- Automatically extract technical data from supplier datasheets, specifications, and BMS
- Structure and validate information in the required regulatory format
- Maintain up-to-date passports throughout the battery lifecycle
- Generate QR codes compliant with EU technical specifications
Result: preparation time drops from several months to a few weeks, with complete and audit-ready traceability.
FAQ
When does the battery passport become mandatory?
The digital passport is mandatory from 18 February 2027 for every rechargeable battery over 2 kWh placed on the European market.
Does the battery passport apply to used vehicles?
No, the obligation only concerns new batteries placed on the market after 18 February 2027. Already registered electric vehicles are not affected.
How is the passport accessed?
The passport takes the form of a QR code affixed to a visible face of the battery. This code links to a secure digital platform containing all required data.
What is the difference between the battery passport and the battery label?
The battery label is simplified visual information on the product (capacity, performance, recycling symbol). The digital passport is a complete and evolving database, accessible via QR code, intended for authorities and professionals.
What are the penalties in France?
Decree No. 2025-992 defines administrative fines and market withdrawal for non-compliant products. Exact amounts depend on the severity of the breach.
How can Taranis AI help?
Our platform automates the collection, structuring, and updating of battery passport data, reducing compliance preparation time by 80% and guaranteeing complete, audit-ready traceability.
Not sure where to start? Talk to our experts about your battery passport compliance project.
👉 Identify your first AI-driven compliance projects — Let's discuss your situation.
Article updated 13 May 2026 — Reflects current provisions of Regulation (EU) 2023/1542.